Journal: Bone & Joint Research

Article Title: OX40L in endothelial cells promotes temporomandibular joint subchondral bone angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in mice

doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.154.BJR-2025-0249.R1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Abnormal activation of OX40L in endothelial cells can promote angiogenesis and osteoclast induction. Human bone microvascular endothelial cells were pretreated with KY1005 for six hours, followed by treatment with sOX40 for 48 hours. a) Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). b) Detection of VEGF protein expression using western blotting. c) Representative images of endothelial cell scratch experiments. Scale bar: 100 µm. d) Representative images of endothelial cell tubule formation experiments. Scale bar: 100 µm. e) Representative image of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining after endothelial cells were co-cultured with RAW264.7 cells. Scale bar: 50 µm. f) Bone resorption pits were shown by scanning electron microscopy. Scale bar: 500 nm.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (Beyotime) and incubated overnight at 4°C with specific primary antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (1:1,000; Cat# 19003-1-AP, Proteintech, China) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (1:2,000; Cat# 60004-1-Ig, Clone 1E6D9, Proteintech).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Gene Expression, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Western Blot, Staining, Cell Culture, Electron Microscopy

Journal: Bone & Joint Research

Article Title: OX40L in endothelial cells promotes temporomandibular joint subchondral bone angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in mice

doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.154.BJR-2025-0249.R1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Statistical analysis of VEGF protein expression levels. b) Statistical analysis of mobility in scratch experiments. c) and d) Statistical analysis of lumen number and main branch length in tubule formation experiments. e) to h) Detection of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) secretion in endothelial cell supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). i) Statistical analysis of resorption areas. Data are presented as the mean (SD) (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (Beyotime) and incubated overnight at 4°C with specific primary antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (1:1,000; Cat# 19003-1-AP, Proteintech, China) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (1:2,000; Cat# 60004-1-Ig, Clone 1E6D9, Proteintech).

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: GelMA–GelDopa–Sr double-network hydrogel promotes skin regeneration by enhancing angiogenesis and macrophage polarization

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1722918

Figure Lengend Snippet: Endothelial tube formation assay of HUVECs and expression of wound healing-related mRNA. Microscopic images (scale bar: 200 μm) (A) and quantification (B) of number of nodes and total tube length using ImageJ. Transcriptional levels determined by RT-qPCR of CD31, HIF-1α, and VEGF in HUVECs (C) , and of CD206, iNOS, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells (D) after a 24-h treatment with hydrogel leachates. (E) The protein levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in HUVECs from the Control, G-D 0% and G-D 0.5% groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: After electrophoresis, the membranes were transferred in sequence (100V, 60 min), and then sealed with 5% skimmed milk powder for 2 h. PVDF membranes were incubated with VEGF primary antibody (1:1,000; HUABIO, Zhejiang, China)/HIF-1α primary antibody (1:1,000; Abways, Shanghai, China) at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Endothelial Tube Formation Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control